Background: Preliminary researches conformed that neoadjuvant immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy had a significant short-term effect in resectable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but there were few clinical trials about neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy in China. We aimed to assess retrospectively the antitumour activity and safety of neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy for resectable stage Ib-IIIb NSCLC.
Methods: Twenty patients who had been diagnosed as stage Ib-IIIb NSCLC and received chemoimmunotherapy as neoadjuvant treatment between November 2019 and December 2020, in Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University were recruited. These patients received neoadjuvant treatment for 21 days as a cycle and antitumour activity and safety were evaluated every two cycles.
Results: Of 20 patients received neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy, 17 patients underwent surgical resection. 16 patients had R0 resection (no residual tumor resection) and 1 patient had R1 resection (microscopic residual tumor resection). Radiographic objective response rate (ORR) was 85.0% (4 complete response, 13 partial response). 5.0% (1/20) of patients had stable disease, and 10.0% (2/20) of patients had progression disease. The major pathologic response (MPR) was 47.1% (8/17), and complete pathologic response (CPR) was 29.4% (5/17). 1 case developed grade IV immune-related pneumonia (IRP) and 9 (45.0%) cases had grade III hematologic toxicity.
Conclusions: Immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy as neoadjuvant therapy has a better efficiency and tolerable adverse effects for patients with resectable NSCLC in stage Ib-IIIb.
【中文题目：新辅助免疫治疗联合化疗在可手术的 非小细胞肺癌的初步疗效评估】 【中文摘要：背景与目的 初步研究证实新辅助免疫联合化疗对可手术非小细胞肺癌近期疗效显著，但国内相关临床试验较少。本研究回顾性分析应用新辅助免疫治疗联合化疗的可手术Ib期-IIIb期非小细胞肺癌的临床病理资料，初步评估新辅助免疫治疗联合化疗的疗效及安全性。方法 回顾性分析2019年11月-2020年12月期间于首都医科大学附属北京胸科医院胸外科治疗的临床分期Ib期-IIIb期的非小细胞肺癌患者20例，术前应用免疫联合化疗新辅助治疗，根据影像学和病理学方法分别评估疗效。结果 全组患者新辅助治疗后影像学评估疗效，客观有效率（objective response rate, ORR）为85.0%（完全缓解4例，部分缓解13例），疾病稳定1例（5.0%），疾病进展2例（10.0%）。其中17例后续接受手术治疗，16例达到R0（no residual tumor）切除，1例R1（microscopic residual tumor）切除。术后病理评估：主要病理缓解率（major pathologic response, MPR）为47.1%（8/17），其中完全病理缓解率（complete pathologic response, CPR）为29.4%（5/17）。主要不良反应：免疫相关性肺炎（IV级）1例，III级及以上血液学毒性9例（45.0%）。结论 新辅助免疫联合化疗对于可手术的非小细胞肺癌近期疗效显著，具有一定的安全性及有效性。但新辅助免疫联合化疗的远期疗效、最佳周期数以及理想预测免疫治疗效果的标记物仍有待研究。 】 【中文关键词：肺肿瘤；免疫治疗；新辅助治疗；手术】.
Keywords: Immunotherapy; Lung neoplasms; Neoadjuvant therapy; Surgery.