Bioprosthetic aortic valve replacement (bAVR) in patients with congenital heart disease is challenging due to age, size and complexity. Our objective was to assess survival and identify predictors of re-operation. Data were retrospectively collected for 314 patients undergoing bAVR at 8 centers from 2000-2014. Kaplan-Meier estimation of time to re-operation and Cox regression were utilized. Average age was 45.2 years (IQR 17.8-71.1) and 30% were <21. Indications were stenosis (48%), regurgitation (28%) and mixed (18%). Twenty-eight (9%) underwent prior AVR. Median valve size was 23mm (IQR 21, 25). Implanted valves included CE (Carpentier-Edwards) Perimount (47%), CE Magna/Magna Ease (29%), Sorin Mitroflow (9%), St Jude (2%) and other (13%). Median follow-up was 2.9 (IQR 1.2, 5.7) years. Overall, 11% required re-operation, 35% of whom had a Mitroflow and 65% were <21 years old. Time to re-operation varied among valve type (p=0.020). Crude 3-year rate was 20% in patients ≤21. Smaller valve size indexed to BSA was associated with re-operation (21.7 vs. 23.5 mm/m2). Predictors of reintervention by multivariable analysis were younger age (29% increase in hazard per 5-year decrease, p<0.001), Mitroflow (HR=4 to 8 versus other valves), and smaller valve size (20% increase in hazard per 1 mm decrease, p=0.002). The overall 1, 3 and 5-year survival rates were 94%, 90% and 85% without differences by valve (p=0.19). A concerning reduction in 5-year survival after bAVR is shown. Re-operation is common and varies by age and valve type. Further research is needed to guide valve choice and improve survival.
Keywords: Aortic Root Replacement; Aortic Valve; Congenital Heart Disease; Valve Replacement.
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