Patterns of Virus Exposure and Presumed Household Transmission among Persons with Coronavirus Disease, United States, January-April 2020

Emerg Infect Dis. 2021 Sep;27(9):2323-2332. doi: 10.3201/eid2709.204577. Epub 2021 Jun 30.

Abstract

We characterized common exposures reported by a convenience sample of 202 US patients with coronavirus disease during January-April 2020 and identified factors associated with presumed household transmission. The most commonly reported settings of known exposure were households and healthcare facilities; among case-patients who had known contact with a confirmed case-patient compared with those who did not, healthcare occupations were more common. Among case-patients without known contact, use of public transportation was more common. Within the household, presumed transmission was highest from older (>65 years) index case-patients and from children to parents, independent of index case-patient age. These findings may inform guidance for limiting transmission and emphasize the value of testing to identify community-acquired infections.

Keywords: 2019 novel coronavirus disease; COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; United States; coronavirus disease; household transmission; respiratory infections; severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2; viruses; zoonoses.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • COVID-19* / transmission
  • Child
  • DNA Viruses
  • Family Characteristics
  • Humans
  • SARS-CoV-2
  • United States / epidemiology