Prescription patterns and medication adherence in preadolescent children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

Background: Nonadherence in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) can be as high as 80%, yet studies on adherence to medications in preadolescent children are few. Recent Indian trends in prescription patterns are lacking.

Aim: The present study assesses prescription patterns and adherence to medications in preadolescent children with ADHD.

Materials and methods: Fifty children aged 5-12 years with ADHD, who were on medications for at least 6 months, were enrolled. Their sociodemographic factors and prescription details were noted. Vanderbilt ADHD Diagnostic Parents Rating Scale and Compliance Rating Scale were administered.

Results: Sixty-two percent of the children had good compliance, whereas 38% showed reluctance. Adherence was better in children with shorter duration of illness, lesser severity, absence of side effects, and stimulant prescription. Non-stimulant-based combination (40%) was more common compared to stimulants (28%), with atomoxetine and risperidone being the most commonly prescribed medications.

Conclusions: Adherence to medications in preadolescent children with ADHD is good. Associated factors and implications are discussed.