Objective: To investigate the prevalence of dyslipidemia, and to explore the association between extracurricular physical activity and dyslipidemia among primary, middle and high school students in Guangzhou. Methods: This cross-sectional study selected primary and middle school students in Guangzhou by the stratified cluster sampling method from March to December 2019. Physical examination and blood lipid test were performed. Information about students' basic characteristics and extracurricular physical activity was collected by questionnaire. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine the association between extracurricular physical activity and dyslipidemia in this cohort. Results: A total of 7 797 participants (mean aged (12.2±2.9) years) were included (4 194 (53.79%) boys and 3 603 (46.21%) girls]. The detection rates of high total cholesterol, high triglycerides, low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and dyslipidemia were 12.49% (974/7 797), 6.44% (502/7 797), 6.62% (516/7 797), 11.31% (882/7 797) and 23.83% (1 858/7 797), respectively. Dyslipidemia rate was lower in the junior school students (21.39% (675/3 156)) than in primary school students (25.96% (896/3 451)) and high-school students (24.12% (287/1 190)) (P<0.001). The dyslipidemia rates of boys and girls were similar (23.15% (971/4 194) vs. 24.62% (887/3 603), P>0.05). Dyslipidemia rate was lower in students with extracurricular physical activity than in students without extracurricular physical activity (22.50% (923/4 102) vs. 25.30% (935/3 695), P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that extracurricular physical activity was associated with lower risk of dyslipidemia (OR=0.88, 95%CI=0.79-0.99, P=0.033). Among all types of extracurricular physical activities, participating in extracurricular large ball game was associated with 28% lower risk among junior school students (OR=0.72, 95%CI=0.57-0.91, P=0.006). Conclusion: The prevalence of dyslipidemia is high among primary, middle and high school students in Guangzhou. Extracurricular physical activity is associated with reduced risk of dyslipidemia in this cohort.
目的： 了解广州市中小学生血脂异常现状，并探讨课外体育活动与血脂异常的关系。 方法： 本研究为横断面调查，于2019年3—12月以分层整群抽样的方法选取广州市小学一年级至高中二年级的中小学生为研究对象，进行体格检查并检测血脂指标，采用问卷调查收集学生的基本情况和课外体育活动情况。采用多因素logistic回归模型分析学生课外体育活动与血脂异常的关系。 结果： 共纳入广州市中小学生7 797名，年龄（12.2±2.9）岁，其中男生4 194名（53.79%），女生3 603名（46.21%）。高胆固醇血症、高甘油三酯血症、低高密度脂蛋白胆固醇血症、高低密度脂蛋白胆固醇血症及血脂异常的检出率分别为12.49%（974/7 797）、6.44%（502/7 797）、6.62%（516/7 797）、11.31%（882/7 797）和23.83%（1 858/7 797）。初中生的血脂异常检出率最低，为21.39%（675/3 156），与小学生［25.96%（896/3 451）］和高中生［24.12%（287/1 190）］相比差异有统计学意义（χ²=19.08，P<0.001）。男、女生的血脂异常率分别为23.15%（971/4 194）、24.62%（887/3 603），差异无统计学意义（χ²=2.30，P>0.05）。有课外体育活动的学生血脂异常检出率为22.50%（923/4 102），低于无课外体育活动者的25.30%（935/3 695）（χ²=8.42，P<0.05）。多因素logistic分析结果显示，与无课外体育活动的学生相比，有课外体育活动的学生血脂异常风险降低了12%（OR=0.88，95%CI=0.79~0.99，P=0.033）。参与大球类运动的初中生血脂异常风险比无课外体育活动的初中生低了28%（OR=0.72，95%CI=0.57~0.91，P=0.006）。 结论： 广州市中小学生的血脂异常检出率较高。课外体育活动与中小学生血脂异常低风险相关。.