Cataract surgery can increase the risk of diabetic macular edema (DME) and Irvine-Gass syndrome postoperatively in nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) patients. An accurate distinction between DME and Irvine-Gass syndrome in NPDR patients after cataract surgery is significantly important for the selection of subsequent treatment plans and guarantee of long-term vision quality. This article elaborates the differential diagnosis and prevention of DME, in order to provide a theoretical basis for the timely prevention, accurate diagnosis and standardized treatment of DME in NPDR patients after cataract surgery. (Chin J Ophthalmol, 2021, 57: 546-551).
白内障摘除手术可因手术创伤增加非增殖性糖尿病视网膜病变（NPDR）患者糖尿病性黄斑水肿（DME）以及Irvine-Gass综合征（IGS）的发病风险。准确鉴别DME与IGS对于后续治疗方案的选择以及远期视觉质量的保障具有重要意义。本文通过对DME的鉴别诊断及预防进展进行阐述，以期为NPDR患者白内障摘除手术后DME的及时预防、准确诊断和规范治疗提供理论依据。（中华眼科杂志，2021，57：546-551）.