Functional and Oncological Outcomes of Renal Surgery for Hilar Tumors: Informing the Decisions in Risk-Adapted Management

Urology. 2021 Nov:157:174-180. doi: 10.1016/j.urology.2021.07.014. Epub 2021 Jul 29.

Abstract

Objective: To describe the safety and efficacy of partial nephrectomy (PN) in comparison to radical nephrectomy (RN) for surgically managed renal hilar tumors.

Materials and methods: We retrospectively reviewed institutional records of patients with a small (<5 cm) solitary renal (hilar or non-hilar) mass who underwent PN or RN between 2008 and 2018. Hilar tumors were defined as those at medial position, abutting the renal vessels. Recurrence-free, cancer-specific, and overall survival were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method.

Results: Of 1,951 eligible patients, 399 had hilar tumors (292 scheduled for PN, 107 RN) and 1,552 had non-hilar tumors (scheduled for PN). We found no significant differences in survival measures between hilar and non-hilar tumors in patients selected for PN. Patients scheduled for PN for hilar tumors had higher rates of ≥grade II postoperative surgical complications compared to patients scheduled to receive PN for non-hilar tumors (13% vs 8.6%; log-rank P = .018) and non-statistically significantly elevated rates of ≥grade II complications compared to patients scheduled for RN for hilar tumors (13% vs 6.5%; difference 6%, 95% CI 0.4%, 13%; log-rank P = .07).

Conclusion: PN for hilar and non-hilar renal masses (<5cm) experience comparable oncologic outcomes though increased risk of complications for hilar masses. PN for hilar tumors was associated with better renal function and overall survival with non-statistically elevated risk of grade II or higher complications than RN. A renal tumor located at the hilum should not be a contra-indication for performing PN.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Clinical Decision-Making
  • Female
  • Glomerulosclerosis, Focal Segmental
  • Humans
  • Kaplan-Meier Estimate
  • Kidney / pathology*
  • Kidney Neoplasms / physiopathology
  • Kidney Neoplasms / surgery*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Nephrectomy / adverse effects
  • Nephrectomy / methods*
  • Postoperative Complications / etiology
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Assessment
  • Risk Factors
  • Survival Rate