Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor induced angioedema: not always a class effect? A case report and short narrative review

Curr Med Res Opin. 2021 Nov;37(11):1855-1858. doi: 10.1080/03007995.2021.1971183. Epub 2021 Sep 6.

Abstract

Introduction: Bradykinin-mediated angioedema is a rare but potentially fatal adverse event. Angioedema induced by angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors is generally attributed to an inhibition of bradykinin degradation following ACE inhibition. Clinical studies on ACE inhibitors mainly focus on their efficacy. Few examine their potential to generate undesirable adverse effects, particularly with regard to angioedema.

Case description: We report here a case of angioedema occurring after ramipril initiation in a patient chronically treated with quinapril. Angioedema subsided spontaneously after ramipril discontinuation and quinapril reintroduction.

Discussion and conclusions: Our clinical case suggests that despite similar pharmacodynamic properties, quinapril and ramipril do not have the same potential to generate angioedema. To explain this difference, we suggest a potentiation of the effect of bradykinin at the B2 receptor level by ramipril, which does not occur with quinapril. Consequently, angioedema may not always be a class effect of ACE inhibitors.

Keywords: ACE inhibitors; angioedema; bradykinin.

Publication types

  • Case Reports
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Angioedema* / chemically induced
  • Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors* / adverse effects
  • Bradykinin
  • Humans

Substances

  • Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors
  • Bradykinin