Glycine/glycine N-methyltransferase/sarcosine axis mediates benzene-induced hematotoxicity

Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2021 Oct 1:428:115682. doi: 10.1016/j.taap.2021.115682. Epub 2021 Aug 18.

Abstract

Benzene, an important and widely used industrial chemical, is the cause of different types of blood disorders. However, the mechanisms of benzene-induced hematotoxicity are still unclear. This study aimed to explore the effects of benzene on metabolism, especially in amino acid metabolism, in human peripheral blood B lymphocyte cells (AHH-1 cells) treated with 1,4-benzoquinone (1,4-BQ) and in benzene-exposed population based on the un-targeted and targeted metabolomics platforms. The results showed that 1,4-BQ disturbed the metabolic activity, such as arginine biosynthesis, citrate cycle, glycine, serine, and threonine metabolism pathways, and significantly upregulated the ratio of sarcosine/glycine in vitro. Meanwhile, the targeted metabolomics further showed that the ratio of sarcosine/glycine was also increased in the benzene exposure population. Notably, the expression of glycine N-methyltransferase (GNMT), an enzyme catalyzing the transformation of glycine to sarcosine, was upregulated both in 1,4-BQ treated AHH-1 cells and benzene-exposed workers. These results imply that the glycine/GNMT/sarcosine axis was involved in benzene-induced hematotoxicity. Such evidence will help to develop a better understanding of the underlying mechanism of benzene-induced hematotoxicity at the level of amino acid metabolism.

Keywords: Benzene; Glycine/GNMT/sarcosine axis; Hematotoxicity.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • B-Lymphocytes / drug effects
  • B-Lymphocytes / metabolism*
  • Benzene / toxicity*
  • Cell Line
  • Cell Survival / drug effects
  • Cell Survival / physiology
  • Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury / blood*
  • Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury / diagnosis
  • Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
  • Female
  • Glycine N-Methyltransferase / blood*
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Occupational Exposure / adverse effects*
  • Sarcosine / blood*

Substances

  • Glycine N-Methyltransferase
  • Benzene
  • Sarcosine