Seroprevalence and molecular diversity of Human Herpesvirus 8 among people living with HIV in Brazzaville, Congo

Sci Rep. 2021 Aug 31;11(1):17442. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-97070-4.

Abstract

Human herpesvirus 8 (HHV8) is endemic in Africa, although studies of this infection are rare in Congo. We evaluated seroprevalence and HHV-8 diversity among people living with HIV. We included 353 patients receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy. Antibodies against HHV-8 latency-associated nuclear antigen were detected by indirect immunofluorescence. In HHV-8 positive patients, we performed HHV-8 quantification in blood and saliva by real-time PCR and typing by Sanger sequencing of K1 open reading frame. HHV-8 seroprevalence was 19%, being male (odd ratio [OR] = 1.741, [95% Confidence interval {CI}, 0.97-3.07]; p = 0.0581) and having multiple sex partners before HIV diagnosis (OR = 1.682, [CI 95%, 0.97-2.92]; p = 0.0629) tended to be associated with HHV-8 seropositivity. Of the 64 HHV-8 seropositive patients, HHV-8 DNA was detected in 10 (16%) in saliva, 6 (9%) in whole-blood and in 2 (3%) in both whole-blood and saliva. Three out of 6 HHV-8 strains were subtypes A5, 2 subtype B1 and 1 subtype C. HHV-8 seroprevalence was relatively low with more frequent carriage in men, associated with asymptomatic oral excretion and a predominance of subtype A5. These data tend to support the hypothesis of horizontal transmission in people living with HIV in Brazzaville.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Africa / epidemiology
  • Antibodies, Viral / blood*
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • HIV / isolation & purification*
  • HIV Infections / complications*
  • HIV Infections / virology
  • Herpesviridae Infections / blood
  • Herpesviridae Infections / epidemiology*
  • Herpesviridae Infections / virology
  • Herpesvirus 8, Human / classification*
  • Herpesvirus 8, Human / immunology
  • Herpesvirus 8, Human / isolation & purification
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Phylogeny
  • Prognosis
  • Prospective Studies
  • Saliva / virology*
  • Seroepidemiologic Studies

Substances

  • Antibodies, Viral