The mucosal immune system and IgA nephropathy

Semin Immunopathol. 2021 Oct;43(5):657-668. doi: 10.1007/s00281-021-00871-y. Epub 2021 Oct 12.

Abstract

The precise pathogenesis of immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) is still not clearly established but emerging evidence confirms a pivotal role for mucosal immunity. This review focuses on the key role of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) in promoting the onset of the disease, underlying the relationship among microbiota, genetic factors, food antigen, infections, and mucosal immune response. Finally, we evaluate potential therapies targeting microbes and mucosa hyperresponsiveness in IgAN patients.

Keywords: Diet; Gut-kidney axis; IgA nephropathy; Microbiota; Mucosal immunity; Tonsil-kidney axis.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Glomerulonephritis, IGA* / diagnosis
  • Glomerulonephritis, IGA* / etiology
  • Glomerulonephritis, IGA* / therapy
  • Humans
  • Immune System
  • Immunity, Mucosal
  • Immunoglobulin A
  • Microbiota*
  • Mucous Membrane / pathology

Substances

  • Immunoglobulin A