A retrospective comparison of 3 approaches of vestibuloplasty around mandibular molar implants: apically positioned flap versus free gingival graft versus modified periosteal fenestration

J Periodontal Implant Sci. 2021 Oct;51(5):364-372. doi: 10.5051/jpis.2007320366.

Abstract

Purpose: This study aimed to clinically evaluate the efficacy of vestibuloplasty around lower molar implants using 3 different modalities: apically positioned flap alone (APF), APF with a free gingival graft (FGG), and APF with modified periosteal fenestration (mPF).

Methods: Three different vestibuloplasty procedures during second-stage implant surgery were performed at the mandibular molar area in 61 patients with a shallow vestibule and insufficient keratinized tissue (KT). The clinical measurements of KT width were recorded at baseline, immediately after surgery (T0), 6 months after surgery (T6), and 12 months after surgery (T12). Soft tissue esthetic scores were measured.

Results: An additional KT width gain from baseline to T12 of approximately 2 mm was obtained with FGG and mPF compared to that with APF. Shrinkage of the re-established tissue was lower with mPF and FGG than with APF, whereas the esthetic profile was better with APF and mPF than with FGG.

Conclusions: Within the limitations of this study, mPF showed potential as a promising approach for vestibuloplasty around the lower molar implants compared to the traditional APF and FGG.

Keywords: Dental implants; Retrospective study; Vestibuloplasty.