Tumor Response to Radiopharmaceutical Therapies: The Knowns and the Unknowns

J Nucl Med. 2021 Dec;62(Suppl 3):12S-22S. doi: 10.2967/jnumed.121.262750.

Abstract

Radiopharmaceutical therapy (RPT) is defined as the delivery of radioactive atoms to tumor-associated targets. In RPT, imaging is built into the mode of treatment since the radionuclides used in RPT often emit photons or can be imaged using a surrogate. Such imaging may be used to estimate tumor-absorbed dose. We examine and try to elucidate those factors that impact the absorbed dose-versus-response relationship for RPT agents. These include the role of inflammation- or immune-mediated effects, the significance of theranostic imaging, radiobiology, differences in dosimetry methods, pharmacokinetic differences across patients, and the impact of tumor hypoxia on response to RPT.

Keywords: dosimetry; imaging; radionuclide therapy; radiopharmaceutical therapy; radiopharmaceuticals; theranostics.

Publication types

  • Review
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation
  • Humans
  • Neoplasms* / diagnostic imaging
  • Neoplasms* / radiotherapy
  • Radiopharmaceuticals* / therapeutic use
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Tumor Hypoxia

Substances

  • Radiopharmaceuticals