Pectic polysaccharide from Smilax china L. ameliorated ulcerative colitis by inhibiting the galectin-3/NLRP3 inflammasome pathway

Carbohydr Polym. 2022 Feb 1:277:118864. doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118864. Epub 2021 Nov 6.

Abstract

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an inflammatory bowel disease that affects the colon and rectum. Although galectin-3 (Gal-3) has been reported to play a proinflammatory role in UC, it is unknown whether pectic polysaccharide, a Gal-3 inhibitor in tumor metastasis, can alleviate UC by inhibiting Gal-3. The aim of this study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory effects and underlying mechanisms of SCLP, a pectic polysaccharide purified from Smilax china L. in our previous work, on dextran sulfate sodium-induced UC in BALB/c mice. The results showed that SCLP could significantly improve symptoms, alleviate histopathological damage and reduce the secretion of inflammatory mediators in mice with UC. Analysis of the anti-colitis mechanisms indicated that SCLP could inhibit the Gal-3/NLRP3 inflammasome/IL-1β pathway by suppressing the expression of Gal-3 and the interaction of Gal-3 and NLRP3. Our results suggested that SCLP could be a promising candidate for prevention and treatment of UC.

Keywords: Galectin-3; NLRP3 inflammasome; Pectic polysaccharide; Smilax china L. polysaccharide; Ulcerative colitis.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / chemistry
  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / pharmacology*
  • Colitis, Ulcerative / chemically induced
  • Colitis, Ulcerative / drug therapy*
  • Colitis, Ulcerative / metabolism
  • Dextran Sulfate
  • Galectin 3 / antagonists & inhibitors
  • Galectin 3 / metabolism
  • Inflammasomes / antagonists & inhibitors*
  • Inflammasomes / metabolism
  • Male
  • Mice
  • Mice, Inbred BALB C
  • NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein / antagonists & inhibitors
  • NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein / metabolism
  • Pectins / chemistry
  • Pectins / pharmacology*
  • Polysaccharides / chemistry
  • Polysaccharides / pharmacology*
  • Smilax / chemistry*

Substances

  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal
  • Galectin 3
  • Inflammasomes
  • Lgals3 protein, rat
  • NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein
  • Nlrp3 protein, rat
  • Polysaccharides
  • Pectins
  • Dextran Sulfate