Vitamin D3 protects intrauterine growth restriction induced by cooking oil fume derived fine particulate matters

Rui Ding; Jing Li; Qi Zhang; Chao Zhang; Na Li; Shu Sun; Changlian Li; Chaowei Shen; Qihong Zhao; Hongbo Chen; Jiahu Hao; Jiyu Cao

doi:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.113103

Vitamin D₃ protects intrauterine growth restriction induced by cooking oil fume derived fine particulate matters

Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2022 Jan 1:229:113103. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.113103. Epub 2021 Dec 17.

Authors

Rui Ding¹, Jing Li², Qi Zhang³, Chao Zhang⁴, Na Li⁵, Shu Sun⁶, Changlian Li⁷, Chaowei Shen⁸, Qihong Zhao⁹, Hongbo Chen¹⁰, Jiahu Hao¹¹, Jiyu Cao¹²

Affiliations

¹ Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China. Electronic address: [email protected].
² Anqing Medical College, Anqing, Anhui, China. Electronic address: [email protected].
³ Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China. Electronic address: [email protected].
⁴ Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China. Electronic address: [email protected].
⁵ Department of Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China. Electronic address: [email protected].
⁶ Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China. Electronic address: [email protected].
⁷ Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China. Electronic address: [email protected].
⁸ Department of Hospital Infection Management Office, Lu'an People's Hospital, Lu'an, Anhui, China. Electronic address: [email protected].
⁹ Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China. Electronic address: [email protected].
¹⁰ Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Maternal and Child Health Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China. Electronic address: [email protected].
¹¹ Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China. Electronic address: [email protected].
¹² Teaching Center for Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China. Electronic address: [email protected].

PMID: 34929501
DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.113103

Abstract

Background: Cooking oil fume (COF) is an important source of indoor air pollution which severely affects human health, and sufficient vitamin D₃ (VitD₃) is necessary for maternal and child health. However, the effects of cooking oil fume-derived PM_2.5 (COF-PM_2.5) on birth outcomes and whether VitD₃ could protect from adverse effects caused by COFs-PM_2.5 are still unclear.

Methods: Twenty-four pregnant rats were divided into 4 groups and treated with various treatments: normal feeding, COFs-PM_2.5 intratracheal instillation, VitD₃ intragastric administration, and COFs-PM_2.5 and VitD₃ co-treatment, respectively. The fetal rats were obtained in pregnant 21 days and the development of them was recorded. Morphological changes in umbilical cord were measured with HE staining, and the oxidative stress and inflammatory levels were also investigated. Western blotting and RT-PCR was used to detect the expression of angiogenesis related factors.

Results: We successfully established an intrauterine growth restriction model in rats induced by COFs-PM_2.5 where fetus weight significantly decreased after COFs-PM_2.5 exposure. As for the umbilical cord vasculature, the wall thickened and the lumen narrowed down, and the contractility of the umbilical cord vasculature enhanced after COFs-PM_2.5 exposure. COFs-PM_2.5 exposure also increased the oxidative stress and inflammation level and activated the HIF-1α/eNOS/NO and VEGF/VEGFR2/eNOS signaling pathway. Interestingly, VitD₃ intervention significantly increased the fetus weight and attenuated the injury of umbilical cord vascular, and partly or completely reversed the changes in the ROS/eNOS/ET-1 axis caused by COF-PM_2.5.

Conclusions: The findings of this study suggested that COF-PM_2.5 exposure could contribute to intrauterine growth restriction through disturbing the ROS/eNOS/ET-1 axis, while VitD₃ supplementation could be an effective prophylactic measurement.

Keywords: COFs-derived PM(2.5); Intrauterine growth restriction; ROS; Vitamin D.

MeSH terms

Air Pollution, Indoor*
Animals
Cholecalciferol
Cooking
Female
Fetal Growth Retardation / chemically induced
Fetal Growth Retardation / prevention & control
Particulate Matter* / toxicity
Pregnancy
Rats

Substances

Particulate Matter
Cholecalciferol