Dynamic stem cell selection safeguards the genomic integrity of the epidermis

Dev Cell. 2021 Dec 20;56(24):3309-3320.e5. doi: 10.1016/j.devcel.2021.11.018.

Abstract

Maintaining genomic integrity and stability is crucial for life; yet, no tissue-driven mechanism that robustly safeguards the epithelial genome has been discovered. Epidermal stem cells (EpiSCs) continuously replenish the stratified layers of keratinocytes that protect organisms against various environmental stresses. To study the dynamics of DNA-damaged cells in tissues, we devised an in vivo fate tracing system for EpiSCs with DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) and demonstrated that those cells exit from their niches. The clearance of EpiSCs with DSBs is caused by selective differentiation and delamination through the DNA damage response (DDR)-p53-Notch/p21 axis, with the downregulation of ITGB1. Moreover, concomitant enhancement of symmetric cell divisions of surrounding stem cells indicates that the selective elimination of cells with DSBs is coupled with the augmented clonal expansion of intact stem cells. These data collectively demonstrate that tissue autonomy through the dynamic coupling of cell-autonomous and non-cell-autonomous mechanisms coordinately maintains the genomic quality of the epidermis.

Keywords: DNA damage; DNA double-strand breaks; differentiation; epidermis; fate tracing; genotoxic stress; keratinocytes; p53; senescence; stem cells.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Apoptosis / genetics
  • Cell Differentiation / genetics
  • Cell Division / genetics
  • Cell Proliferation / genetics
  • Clone Cells
  • DNA Breaks, Double-Stranded
  • DNA Damage / genetics
  • DNA Repair / genetics
  • Epidermis / metabolism*
  • Genome*
  • Humans
  • Integrin beta1 / metabolism
  • Mice
  • Mice, Inbred C57BL
  • Models, Biological
  • Receptors, Notch / metabolism
  • Signal Transduction / genetics
  • Stem Cell Niche
  • Stem Cells / cytology*
  • Stem Cells / metabolism

Substances

  • Integrin beta1
  • Receptors, Notch