Deoxyhypusine hydroxylase as a novel pharmacological target for ischemic stroke via inducing a unique post-translational hypusination modification

Pharmacol Res. 2022 Feb:176:106046. doi: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.106046. Epub 2022 Jan 7.

Abstract

Ischemic stroke remains one of the leading causes of death worldwide, thereby highlighting the urgent necessary to identify new therapeutic targets. Deoxyhypusine hydroxylase (DOHH) is a fundamental enzyme catalyzing a unique posttranslational hypusination modification of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5A (eIF5A) and is highly involved in the progression of several human diseases, including HIV-1 infection, cancer, malaria, and diabetes. However, the potential therapeutic role of pharmacological regulation of DOHH in ischemic stroke is still poorly understood. Our study first discovered a natural small-molecule brazilin (BZ) with an obvious neuroprotective effect against oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion insult. Then, DOHH was identified as a crucial cellular target of BZ using HuProt™ human proteome microarray. By selectively binding to the Cys232 residue, BZ induced a previously undisclosed allosteric effect to significantly increase DOHH catalytic activity. Furthermore, BZ-mediated DOHH activation amplified mitophagy for mitochondrial function and morphology maintenance via DOHH/eIF5A hypusination signaling pathway, thereby protecting against ischemic neuronal injury in vitro and in vivo. Collectively, our study first identified DOHH as a previously unreported therapeutic target for ischemic stroke, and provided a future drug design direction for DOHH allosteric activators using BZ as a novel molecular template.

Keywords: (PubChem CID: 4021); Allosteric activator; Brazilin; Brazilin (PubChem CID: 73384); Ciclopirox olamine (PubChem CID: 38911); Deoxyhypusine hydroxylase; Edaravone; Hypusination; Ischemic stroke; Mdivi-1 (PubChem CID: 3825829); Mitophagy.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Benzopyrans / pharmacology
  • Benzopyrans / therapeutic use*
  • Brain / drug effects
  • Brain / metabolism
  • Brain / pathology
  • Cells, Cultured
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery / drug therapy*
  • Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery / metabolism
  • Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery / pathology
  • Ischemic Stroke / drug therapy*
  • Ischemic Stroke / metabolism
  • Ischemic Stroke / pathology
  • Male
  • Mice
  • Mice, Inbred ICR
  • Mixed Function Oxygenases / metabolism*
  • Neurons / drug effects
  • Neurons / metabolism
  • Neuroprotective Agents / pharmacology
  • Neuroprotective Agents / therapeutic use*
  • Pregnancy
  • Protein Processing, Post-Translational
  • Rats
  • Rats, Wistar
  • Zebrafish

Substances

  • Benzopyrans
  • Neuroprotective Agents
  • Mixed Function Oxygenases
  • deoxyhypusine hydroxylase
  • brazilin