Women who have experienced incarceration face a disproportionately high risk of acquiring HIV. Despite efficacy of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for HIV, very few women with incarceration histories are using PrEP. Our objective was to learn how sexual, drug-use and social relationships shape decisions about PrEP among women who have experienced incarceration. We used an inductive approach to analyse data from four focus groups undertaken with women who had previously experienced incarceration recruited from three community-based organisations. We identified public policy (medical distrust, lack of prevention in prisons and jails, and cost and coverage of PrEP); community (incarceration stigma, gossip as prevention); social and sexual network (positive peer and parenting relationships, distrust of sexual partners, and networks as a source of risk); and individual-level (active addiction or recovery, change after incarceration, and medical concerns) factors influencing the use of PrEP. Actions and interventions to improve PrEP uptake among women who have experienced incarceration must take account of the multilevel context of HIV prevention decisions.
Keywords: Women; pre-exposure prophylaxis; relationships.