Management of patients with a persistently elevated PSA after radical prostatectomy: a narrative review

Introduction: The management of the postoperative biological relapse of prostate cancer is most often based on salvage radiotherapy (SRT) with or without the addition of a variable duration of hormone therapy (HT). The indications for SRT +/- HT are established in the setting of a rising PSA level after a period where an undetectable PSA was achieved. However, in case of detectable PSA immediately after radical prostatectomy, the treatment options and prognosis are still unclear.

Materials and methods: We conducted a narrative review based on an analysis of the literature focusing on articles targeting the population of patients with postoperative persistently detectable PSA level. Case reports, original articles, clinical trials, and published reviews were studied for this purpose.

Conclusion: This article will describe current management of patients with detectable PSA immediately after radical prostatectomy, notably the contribution of modern imaging and new treatment options involving the combination of RT and HT.