Characteristics of TP53 germline variants and their correlations with Li-Fraumeni syndrome or Li-Fraumeni-like syndrome in Chinese tumor patients

J Genet Genomics. 2022 Jul;49(7):645-653. doi: 10.1016/j.jgg.2021.12.012. Epub 2022 Jan 14.

Abstract

Li-Fraumeni syndrome (LFS), a rare autosomal-dominant inheritance condition, is associated with a family cancer history as well as pathogenic/likely-pathogenic TP53 germline variants (P/LP TP53 GV). The current clinical methods for detecting LFS are limited. Here, we retrospectively investigate P/LP TP53 GV among Chinese cancer patients by next-generation sequencing and evaluate its relationship with a family cancer history. A total of 270 out of 19,226 cancer patients have TP53 GV, including 53 patients with P/LP TP53 GV. Patients with P/LP TP53 GV are mainly found in male with glioma, lung cancer or sarcoma. The median age of diagnosis for P/LP TP53 GV patients is significantly lower than that of non-P/LP TP53 GV patients (31-years vs. 53-years; P < 0.01). One LFS patient and 3 Li-Fraumeni-like syndrome (LFL) patients are among the 26 followed-up P/LP TP53 GV patients. Among 25 types of P/LP TP53 GV, the highest variant frequencies occurred at codon 175 and 248. p.M237I, p.R158H, p.C238Y and p.C275R, are firstly identified among the Chinese LFS/LFL patients. This study reports the (P/LP) TP53 GV characteristics of Chinese pan-cancer patients. These findings suggest analyzing the P/LP TP53 GV in cancer patients is an effective strategy for identifying cancer predisposition syndrome.

Keywords: Family cancer history; Li-Fraumeni syndrome; Likely-pathogenic; Pathogenic; TP53 germline variants.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • China
  • Genetic Predisposition to Disease
  • Germ Cells
  • Germ-Line Mutation
  • Humans
  • Li-Fraumeni Syndrome* / complications
  • Li-Fraumeni Syndrome* / diagnosis
  • Li-Fraumeni Syndrome* / genetics
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Tumor Suppressor Protein p53* / genetics

Substances

  • TP53 protein, human
  • Tumor Suppressor Protein p53

Supplementary concepts

  • Li-Fraumeni-Like Syndrome