Objective: To investigate the effect of genetic polymorphisms of TPMT*2 rs1800462, TPMT*3B rs1800460, TPMT*3C rs1142345, and NUDT15 rs116855232 on the tolerance of 6-mercaptopurine (6-MP) therapy in adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) . Methods: A total of 216 adult patients who were diagnosed with ALL and treated with cyclophosphamide, cytarabine, and 6-MP [complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) regimen] from September 2015 to December 2019 were included. Polymorphisms were detected by TaqMan SNP Genotyping Assay. Combined with clinical data, the influence of genetic polymorphism on the tolerance of 6-MP in the treatment of ALL was analyzed. Results: Among the 216 patients, 185 (85.65%) patients had B-ALL and 31 (14.35%) patients had T-ALL. 216 (100%) patients had CC genotype for both TPMT*2 rs1800462 and TPMT*3B rs1800460. The number of TT and TC genotypes for TPMT*3C rs1142345 was 209 (96.76%) and 7 (3.24%) , respectively. The allele frequency was 1.62% for TPMT*3C rs1142345. The number of CC, CT, and TT genotypes for NUDT15 rs116855232 was 166 (76.85%) , 48 (22.22%) , and 2 (0.93%) , respectively. The allele frequency was 12.04% for NUDT15 rs116855232. The TPMT*3C rs1142345 mutant group (TC+CC genotype) had less transfusion volume of packed red blood cell than the wild group (CC genotype) (P=0.036) , and the mutant group (TC+CC genotype) had a higher risk to develop hepatotoxicity (increased aspartate aminotransferase) than the wild group (CC genotype) (OR=9.559, 95% CI 1.135-80.475, P=0.038) . The durations of white blood cells (WBC) <1×10(9)/L and absolute neutrophil count (ANC) <0.5×10(9)/L in the NUDT15 rs116855232 mutation group (CT+TT genotype) were longer than that in the wild group (CC genotype) (P=0.005, P=0.007) , and the transfusion volume of apheresis-derived platelets in the mutant group (CT+TT type) was greater than that in the wild group (CC genotype) (P=0.014) . Conclusion: Genetic polymorphism of TMPT and NUDT15 has an effect on the tolerance of 6-MP in the treatment of adult ALL. Detecting genotypes of patients with ALL before treatment helps to optimize the dosage of 6-MP, which may help shorten the bone marrow suppression duration and reduce blood transfusion volume.
目的： 探讨TPMT*2 rs1800462、TPMT*3B rs1800460、TPMT*3C rs1142345和NUDT15 rs116855232基因多态性对成人急性淋巴细胞白血病（ALL）患者6-巯基嘌呤（6-MP）耐受性的影响。 方法： 选取2015年9月至2019年12月于中国医学科学院血液病医院确诊并接受环磷酰胺、阿糖胞苷和6-MP（CAM方案）治疗的216例成人ALL患者，利用Taqman SNP基因分型方法检测患者的TPMT、NUDT15基因型。结合临床资料，分析基因多态性对ALL治疗中含6-MP方案耐受性的影响。 结果： 216例患者中B-ALL 185例（85.65%）、T-ALL 31例（14.35%）。TPMT*2 rs1800462 CC型216例（100.00%）；TPMT*3B rs1800460 CC型216例（100.00%）；TPMT*3C rs1142345 TT型209例（96.76%）、TC型7例（3.24%），等位基因突变频率为1.62%。NUDT15 rs116855232 CC型166例（76.85%）、CT型48例（22.22%）、TT型2例（0.93%），等位基因突变频率为12.04%。TPMT*3C rs1142345突变型组（TC+CC型）悬浮红细胞的输注量少于野生型组（CC型）（P=0.036）；TPMT*3C rs1142345突变型组出现肝损害（天冬氨酸转氨酶升高）的风险高于野生型组（OR=9.559, 95%CI 1.135~80.475, P=0.038）。NUDT15 rs116855232突变型组（CT+TT型）WBC<1×10(9)/L和中性粒细胞绝对计数<0.5×10(9)/L的持续时间均长于野生型组（CC型）（P=0.005，P=0.007）；突变型组单采血小板的输注量多于野生型组（P=0.014）。 结论： TMPT、NUDT15基因多态性可以影响成人ALL患者对6-MP的耐受性。治疗前检测患者基因型，进而优化6-MP使用剂量，有助于缩短骨髓抑制时间和减少血制品输注量。临床试验注册：中国临床试验注册中心（ChiCTR-TNC-09000397）.
Keywords: 6-Mercaptopurine; Adult; Leukemia, lymphoid; Polymorphism, gene.