Unintentional combining enzalutamide with a moderate CYP2C8 inhibitor in a patient with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer: a case report

Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 2022 Apr;89(4):539-542. doi: 10.1007/s00280-021-04379-y. Epub 2022 Jan 21.

Abstract

Background: Enzalutamide, registered for the treatment of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC), is an inducer of multiple CYP-enzymes. Enzalutamide itself is mainly converted by CYP2C8 to the active metabolite N-desmethylenzalutamide (NDME). Due to a pharmacokinetic interaction, combining enzalutamide with a moderate CYP2C8 inhibitor might result in higher enzalutamide concentrations. Addressing this interaction is challenging since pharmacokinetic data are missing.

Case presentation: We present a case of a Caucasian male with mCRPC who was treated with enzalutamide and a moderate CYP2C8 inhibitor, clopidogrel, concomitantly. Plasma trough levels (Ctrough) of enzalutamide and its active metabolite N-desmethylenzalutamide (NDME) were determined and compared when treated with and without clopidogrel. The sum concentration of enzalutamide and NDME was not affected by coadministration of a moderate CYP2C8 inhibitor. Both treatments were well tolerated and no major side effect were observed.

Conclusion: This case report shows that enzalutamide can be safely prescribed while cotreated with a moderate CYP2C8-inhibitor, without reducing the dose. More research is warranted to make a statement about the effect of enzalutamide on clopidogrel.

Keywords: Castration-resistant prostate cancer; Clopidogrel; Drug–drug interaction; Enzalutamide; Exposure; Moderate CYP2C8 inhibitors; Pharmacokinetics.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Benzamides
  • Clopidogrel / therapeutic use
  • Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C8
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Nitriles
  • Phenylthiohydantoin / adverse effects
  • Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant* / pathology

Substances

  • Benzamides
  • Nitriles
  • Phenylthiohydantoin
  • enzalutamide
  • Clopidogrel
  • CYP2C8 protein, human
  • Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C8