Updated scalp heuristics for localizing the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex based on convergent evidence of lesion and brain stimulation studies in depression

Arsalan Mir-Moghtadaei; Shan H Siddiqi; Kamran Mir-Moghtadaei; Daniel M Blumberger; Fidel Vila-Rodriguez; Zafiris J Daskalakis; Michael D Fox; Jonathan Downar

doi:10.1016/j.brs.2022.01.013

Updated scalp heuristics for localizing the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex based on convergent evidence of lesion and brain stimulation studies in depression

Brain Stimul. 2022 Mar-Apr;15(2):291-295. doi: 10.1016/j.brs.2022.01.013. Epub 2022 Jan 24.

Authors

Arsalan Mir-Moghtadaei¹, Shan H Siddiqi², Kamran Mir-Moghtadaei³, Daniel M Blumberger⁴, Fidel Vila-Rodriguez⁵, Zafiris J Daskalakis⁶, Michael D Fox⁷, Jonathan Downar⁸

Affiliations

¹ Institute of Medical Science, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Krembil Research Institute and Centre for Mental Health, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.
² Center for Brain Circuit Therapeutics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. Electronic address: [email protected].
³ Faculty of Arts and Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
⁴ Institute of Medical Science, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Temerty Centre for Therapeutic Brain Intervention and Campbell Family Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada.
⁵ Non-Invasive Neurostimulation Therapies Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
⁶ Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego Health, CA, USA.
⁷ Center for Brain Circuit Therapeutics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
⁸ Institute of Medical Science, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Krembil Research Institute and Centre for Mental Health, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. Electronic address: [email protected].

PMID: 35085817
DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2022.01.013

Abstract

Background: Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is entering wider use as a therapeutic intervention for many psychiatric illnesses. The efficacy of this therapeutic intervention may depend on accurately localizing target brain regions. Recent work investigating whole-brain maps of circuits associated with depression and its successful treatment has identified foci of interest within the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC).

Objective: To create an updated scalp heuristic for localizing the DLPFC based on convergent evidence of lesion and brain stimulation studies in depression.

Methods: Using the standard MNI ICBM152 anatomical template, we localized the scalp sites at minimum Euclidean distance from target MNI coordinates and performed nasion-inion, tragus-tragus, and head-circumference measurements on the anatomical template. We then derived equations to localize these scalp sites.

Results: The derived equations to calculate the arc length X and Y for these new targets are as follows: [Y=((NI+TrTr)/2)×0.3167 ; X=HC×0.1359] for the left anterior DLPFC[ Y=((NI+TrTr)/2)×0.2884; X=HC×0.1352] for the right anterior DLPFC[ Y=((NI+TrTr)/2)×0.2480; X=HC×0.1847] for the left posterior DLPFC[ Y=((NI+TrTr)/2)×0.2316 ; X=HC×0.1968] for the right posterior DLPFC CONCLUSIONS: This heuristic may help localize DLPFC targets identified in previous lesion-/stimulation-mapping work. A spreadsheet calculation tool is offered to support use of this heuristic.

Keywords: Brain stimulation; Depression; Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex; Localization; Neuroanatomy; Neuronavigation.

MeSH terms

Brain
Depression / therapy
Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex
Heuristics*
Prefrontal Cortex* / physiology
Scalp
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation

Abstract

MeSH terms

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