Sudden Rupture of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm in COVID19 Patients

J Endovasc Ther. 2023 Apr;30(2):296-301. doi: 10.1177/15266028221075221. Epub 2022 Jan 31.

Abstract

Purpose: The purpose of the paper is to report the clinical outcomes of 4 patients with ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) during (3 patients) or immediately after (1 patient) moderate-severe SARS-CoV-2 infection. We discuss COVID-19-related mechanisms which could impact AAA rupture.

Patients and methods: During the period of the pandemic (March 2020-May 2021), we performed surgery in 18 patients with ruptured AAA. Four patients were affected by moderate or severe SARS-CoV-2 infection (in 3 patients the rupture occurred during the infection and in 1 patient 3. months after discharge from the hospital). Two patients underwent open repair and 2 endovascular surgery.

Results: No postoperative mortality and no major complication occurred. Rapid growth of the AAA in comparison with a previous Duplex scan was evident in all 4 patients.

Conclusions: Family doctors and vascular surgeons should be aware about the possibility of AAA degeneration in patients with moderate-severe COVID19 infection. The risk is increased by steroid therapy which is essential in more advanced stages of the infection. In this clinical setting, endovascular repair is a valid choice.

Keywords: COVID19; abdominal aortic aneurysm; endovascular aneurysm repair; inflammation; mortality.

MeSH terms

  • Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal* / diagnostic imaging
  • Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal* / surgery
  • Aortic Rupture* / diagnostic imaging
  • Aortic Rupture* / etiology
  • Aortic Rupture* / surgery
  • Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation* / adverse effects
  • COVID-19* / complications
  • Endovascular Procedures* / adverse effects
  • Humans
  • Risk Factors
  • SARS-CoV-2
  • Treatment Outcome