Duration of Humoral Immunity and Cross-Neutralizing Activity Against the Alpha, Beta, and Delta Variants After Wild-Type Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection: A Prospective Cohort Study

J Infect Dis. 2022 Sep 21;226(6):975-978. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiac050.

Abstract

A prospective cohort study was conducted for adults with a diagnosis of with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Convalescent blood samples were obtained 4, 6, and 11 months after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. The seropositivity of anti-spike antibody was maintained in all patients (100%) until 11 months after COVID-19 diagnosis. Neutralizing antibody levels against wild-type SARS-CoV-2 gradually decreased but remained positive in >50% of patients 11 months after diagnosis: in 98.5% (67 of 68) at 4 months, 86.8% (46 of 53) at 6 months, and 58.8% (40 of 68) at 11 months. However, cross-neutralizing activity against the Beta and Delta variants was attenuated 2.53-fold and 2.93-fold, respectively, compared with the wild-type strain.

Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; antibody; neutralizing activity; variants of concern.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Antibodies, Neutralizing
  • Antibodies, Viral
  • COVID-19 Testing
  • COVID-19*
  • Humans
  • Immunity, Humoral
  • NAV1.2 Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel
  • Neutralization Tests
  • Prospective Studies
  • SARS-CoV-2
  • Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus

Substances

  • Antibodies, Neutralizing
  • Antibodies, Viral
  • NAV1.2 Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel
  • Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus
  • spike protein, SARS-CoV-2

Supplementary concepts

  • SARS-CoV-2 variants