1 Centre for Epidemiology Versus Arthritis, Division of Musculoskeletal and Dermatological Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester.
2 Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool.
3 MRC Population Health Research Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford.
4 Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Liverpool University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool.
5 Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Gastroenterology, Institute of Human Development, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.