Global disparity bias in ophthalmology artificial intelligence applications

Affiliations

• ¹ São Paulo Federal University, São Paulo, SP, Brazil [email protected].
• ² Retinal Imaging Lab, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.
• ³ São Paulo Federal University, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
• ⁴ Tufts Medical Center, New England Eye Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
• ⁵ Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
• ⁶ Laboratory for Computational Physiology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.