Protein kinase Cλ/ι in cancer: a contextual balance of time and signals

Trends Cell Biol. 2022 Dec;32(12):1023-1034. doi: 10.1016/j.tcb.2022.04.002. Epub 2022 Apr 29.

Abstract

Nononcogenic cancer drivers often impinge on complex signals that create new addictions and vulnerabilities. Protein kinase Cλ/ι (PKCλ/ι) suppresses tumorigenesis by blocking metabolic pathways that regulate fuel oxidation and create building blocks for the epigenetic control of cell differentiation. Reduced levels of PKCλ/ι unleash these pathways to promote tumorigenesis, but the simultaneous activation of the STING-driven interferon cascade prevents tumor initiation by triggering immunosurveillance mechanisms. However, depending on the context of other signaling pathways, such as WNT/β-catenin or PKCζ, and timing, PKCλ/ι deletion can promote or inhibit tumorigenesis. In this review, we discuss in detail the molecular and cellular underpinnings of PKCλ/ι functions in cancer with the perspective of the crosstalk between metabolism and inflammation in the tumor microenvironment.

Keywords: autophagy; cancer; interferon; metabolism; protein kinase C; tumor microenvironment.

Publication types

  • Review
  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

  • Cell Transformation, Neoplastic / pathology
  • Humans
  • Isoenzymes* / metabolism
  • Neoplasms* / genetics
  • Protein Kinase C / genetics
  • Protein Kinase C / metabolism
  • Signal Transduction / physiology
  • Tumor Microenvironment

Substances

  • Isoenzymes
  • Protein Kinase C