Short Term Impact of Coronavirus Disease 2019 Vaccination in Children in Korea

Background: The epidemiology of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has changed continuously throughout the pandemic.

Methods: We analyzed changes in the incidence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection according to the age group in South Korea from February 2020 to December 2021.

Results: Since the COVID-19 pandemic, the incidence among adults aged ≥ 18 years was higher than all the other age groups in 2020; however, a shift toward younger ages occurred in June 2021. In addition, we found significant changes in epidemiology after the introduction of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in adults aged ≥ 18 and children 12-17 years. Until recently, children were not regarded as the drive for the pandemic; however, children aged 5-11 and 0-4 years had the highest incidence among all the age groups.

Conclusion: Therefore, policies for clinical support for an increase in COVID-19 cases among young children and age-specific preventive measures are needed.