HHV-8-Associated Multicentric Castleman Disease, a Diagnostic Challenge in a Patient With Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome and Fever

Robert Dunn; Roopam Jariwal; Frederick Venter; Shikha Mishra; Janpreet Bhandohal; Everado Cobos; Arash Heidari

doi:10.1177/23247096221097526

HHV-8-Associated Multicentric Castleman Disease, a Diagnostic Challenge in a Patient With Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome and Fever

J Investig Med High Impact Case Rep. 2022 Jan-Dec:10:23247096221097526. doi: 10.1177/23247096221097526.

Authors

Robert Dunn¹, Roopam Jariwal¹, Frederick Venter¹, Shikha Mishra¹, Janpreet Bhandohal¹, Everado Cobos¹, Arash Heidari²

Affiliations

¹ Department of Medicine, Kern Medical UCLA, Bakersfield, CA, USA.
² Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Kern Medical UCLA, Bakersfield, CA, USA.

Abstract

Patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) are at an increased susceptibility to pathogens and associated malignancies which can present with a unique constellation of symptoms. In this article, we describe a case of Castleman disease in a patient with AIDS, nonadherent with antiretroviral therapy (ART), who presented with fevers, constant abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting. After an extensive work up, a lymph node biopsy confirmed a diagnosis of human herpesvirus-8 (HHV-8)-associated multicentric Castleman disease. Patients presenting with AIDS and fever have broad differential diagnoses; therefore, reaching a diagnosis as rare as Castleman disease can be challenging. HHV-8 has a propensity to CD20 positive B cells, which allows rituximab to be an effect treatment.

Keywords: AIDS; HHV-8; immunocompromised; lymphoproliferative; multicentric Castleman disease.

Publication types

Case Reports

MeSH terms

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome* / complications
Castleman Disease* / complications
Castleman Disease* / diagnosis
Castleman Disease* / drug therapy
Fever / etiology
Herpesvirus 8, Human*
Humans

Supplementary concepts

Multi-centric Castleman's Disease