Key regulatory miRNAs in lipid homeostasis: Implications for cardiometabolic diseases and development of novel therapeutics

Abrar A Khan; Vinayak Gupta; Nitish R Mahapatra

doi:10.1016/j.drudis.2022.05.003

Key regulatory miRNAs in lipid homeostasis: Implications for cardiometabolic diseases and development of novel therapeutics

Drug Discov Today. 2022 Aug;27(8):2170-2180. doi: 10.1016/j.drudis.2022.05.003. Epub 2022 May 10.

Authors

Abrar A Khan¹, Vinayak Gupta², Nitish R Mahapatra³

Affiliations

¹ Cardiovascular Genetics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, Tamil Nadu, India.
² Cardiovascular Genetics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, Tamil Nadu, India; Department of Biotechnology, Bennett University, Plot No. 8-11, Techzone II, Greater Noida 201310, Uttar Pradesh, India.
³ Cardiovascular Genetics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, Tamil Nadu, India. Electronic address: [email protected].

PMID: 35550438
DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2022.05.003

Abstract

Dysregulation of lipid metabolism is associated with cardiovascular/metabolic diseases, including atherosclerosis, liver diseases and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Several miRNAs have been reported as regulators of different stages of lipid homeostasis, including cholesterol/fatty acid biosynthesis, degradation, transport, storage, and low-density (LDL) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) formation. Indeed, various miRNAs are emerging as attractive therapeutic candidates for metabolic/cardiovascular disease (CVD). Here, we summarize the roles of miR-19b, miR-20a, miR-21, miR-27, miR-29, miR-34a, miR-144, miR-148a, and miR-199a in post-transcriptional regulation of genes involved in lipid homeostasis and their therapeutic potential. We also discuss experimental strategies for further development of these miRNAs as novel cardiometabolic therapeutics.

Keywords: Cardiometabolic therapeutics; Cardiovascular; Cholesterol; Lipid metabolism; miRNA.

Publication types

Review
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Atherosclerosis* / metabolism
Cholesterol / metabolism
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2* / drug therapy
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2* / genetics
Homeostasis / genetics
Humans
Lipid Metabolism / genetics
Metabolic Diseases* / drug therapy
Metabolic Diseases* / genetics
Metabolic Diseases* / metabolism
MicroRNAs* / genetics

Substances

MicroRNAs
Cholesterol