Granulocyte-colony stimulating factors (G-CSFs) are the cornerstone of peripheral blood stem cell mobilization and apheresis. However, splenic rupture following G-CSF treatment represents a serious and potentially fatal adverse event. Here, we report the case of a patient in their late 50s with severe pancytopenia post-autologous stem cell transplantation reinfusion suffering from splenic rupture after treatment with lenograstim. We also reviewed the literature describing cases of splenic rupture during G-CSF administration.
Keywords: Granulocyte-colony stimulating factor; adverse event; autologous stem cell transplantation; lenograstim; pancytopenia; splenic rupture.