What Have We Learned in the Last 20 Years About CRT Non-Responders?

Card Electrophysiol Clin. 2022 Jun;14(2):283-296. doi: 10.1016/j.ccep.2021.12.019.

Abstract

Although cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) has become well established in the treatment of heart failure, the management of patients who do not respond after CRT remains a key challenge. This review will summarize what we have learned about non-responders over the last 20 years and discuss methods for optimizing response, including the introduction of novel therapies.

Keywords: Biventricular pacing; Cardiac resynchronization therapy; Heart failure; Non-Responders; Optimization.

Publication types

  • Review
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy* / methods
  • Heart Failure* / etiology
  • Heart Failure* / therapy
  • Humans
  • Treatment Outcome