Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis secondary to AIDS-related histoplasmosis and visceral leishmaniasis

Int J STD AIDS. 2022 Aug;33(9):873-876. doi: 10.1177/09564624221110986. Epub 2022 Jul 1.

Abstract

Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a rare, highly aggressive syndrome involving dysregulated immune response. Most cases are secondary to underlying diseases including infections, autoimmune disorders and malignancies. The burden of disease of histoplasmosis and leishmaniosis associated with advanced HIV is still significant in low-and-middle income countries (LMIC). We present a case of histoplasmosis and leishmaniasis associated HLH in a man with an AIDS diagnosis.

Keywords: AIDS < Viral disease; HIV (Human immunodeficiency virus) < Viral disease.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome* / complications
  • Histoplasmosis* / complications
  • Histoplasmosis* / diagnosis
  • Histoplasmosis* / drug therapy
  • Humans
  • Leishmaniasis, Visceral* / complications
  • Leishmaniasis, Visceral* / diagnosis
  • Leishmaniasis, Visceral* / drug therapy
  • Lymphohistiocytosis, Hemophagocytic* / diagnosis
  • Lymphohistiocytosis, Hemophagocytic* / etiology
  • Male