Effect of obesity on fragility fractures, BMD and vitamin D levels in postmenopausal women. Influence of type 2 diabetes mellitus

Acta Diabetol. 2022 Sep;59(9):1201-1208. doi: 10.1007/s00592-022-01923-x. Epub 2022 Jul 4.

Abstract

Aims: To see the effects of obesity on risk fracture, bone density (BMD), and vitamin D levels in a group of postmenopausal women, and consider how comorbid type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) modifies them.

Methods: 679 postmenopausal women were grouped into obese and non-obese. Obese women were grouped into those with T2DM and those without. 25(OH)-vitamin D, PTH and BMD were measured, and prevalent fragility fractures were gathered.

Results: Obese women had higher prevalence of T2DM, than non-obese women. Levels of 25(OH)-vitamin D were lower and those of PTH higher in obese women, BMD values were higher in obese women. Diabetic-obese women had a higher prevalence of non-vertebral fractures than non-diabetic-obese. Multivariate logistic regression model showed association of fragility fractures with age, total hip BMD, BMI and T2DM. Obese women have higher BMD and lower 25(OH)-vitamin D values (and higher PTH) than non-obese, without diabetes.

Conclusions: T2DM confers an increased risk of non-vertebral fractures in postmenopausal obese women.

Keywords: Diabetes Mellitus type 2; Fragility fractures; Obesity; Osteoporosis; Vitamin D.

MeSH terms

  • Bone Density
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2* / complications
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2* / epidemiology
  • Female
  • Fractures, Bone* / epidemiology
  • Fractures, Bone* / etiology
  • Humans
  • Obesity / complications
  • Obesity / epidemiology
  • Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal* / epidemiology
  • Postmenopause
  • Vitamin D
  • Vitamins

Substances

  • Vitamins
  • Vitamin D