Synthesis, spectral characterization and antiproliferative activity of new organotin (IV) dithiocarbamate compounds on K562 cells

Four new organotin(IV) dithiocarbamate compounds with general formulae of PhnSn [S₂CN(CH₂CH₂OCH₂CH₃)]_4-n for compound 1 and 2; and Ph_nSn[S₂CN(CH₃)(CH₂CH₂C₆H₅)]_4-n for compound 3 and 4 were successfully synthesized via in situ insertion method. These compounds namely, diphenyltin(IV)- [1] and triphenyltin(IV) N,N-bis(2-ethoxyethyl)dithiocarbamate [2], diphenyltin(IV)- [3] and triphenyltin(IV) N-methyl-N-phenethyldithiocarbamate [4] were each characterized with CHNS elemental analysis, FT-IR and NMR spectroscopies (¹H, ¹³C and ¹¹⁹Sn). The compounds were then assessed for their cytotoxicity against K562 cells using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazholium bromide (MTT) assay upon 24 h treatment. All compounds produced the essential IR absorption bands and displayed important NCS₂ peak in ¹³C NMR spectroscopy. From the cytotoxicity studies using MTT assay, the compounds were shown to inhibit cell proliferation in K562 leukemic cells with IC₅₀ values ranging from 1.48 to 4.52 μM, and in the manners more cytotoxic compared to standard used imatinib.