This study aimed at the preparation of nano-microbubbles (NMBs) and the curative effect of 125I particles for primary liver cancer guided by abdominal interventional ultrasound. NMBs were prepared by the thin-film hydration method, and NMBs and 125I particles were connected by biotin to obtain the NMBs-125I complex.36 patients with primary liver cancer treated in X Hospital from January to December 2019 were selected. NMBs-125I particle implantation was guided by abdominal interventional ultrasound. Computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examinations were performed 3 months after treatment, and patients were divided into remission and non-remission groups on account of the results. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) was performed before and 1 month after treatment to analyze and compare the changes in ultrasound parameters. It was shown that there was a good correlation 3 months after treatment between the maximum diameters of the tumor measured by CEUS and CT/MRI, respectively (r=0.856, P<0.01). In the remission group, tRTpre and tTTPprc 1 month after treatment were higher than those before treatment, but tPIpre and tSERmax.pre were lower than those before treatment. In the non-remission group, tRTpre and tTTPprc 1 month after treatment were lower than those before treatment, but tPIpre and tSERmax.pre were higher than those before treatment. Therefore, CEUS had a higher value on the efficacy of the NMBs-125I particle implantation for primary liver cancer.