Brain atrophy measurement over a MRI scanner change in multiple sclerosis

Tim Sinnecker; Sabine Schädelin; Pascal Benkert; Esther Ruberte; Michael Amann; Johanna M Lieb; Yvonne Naegelin; Jannis Müller; Jens Kuhle; Tobias Derfuss; Ludwig Kappos; Jens Wuerfel; Cristina Granziera; Özgür Yaldizli

doi:10.1016/j.nicl.2022.103148

Brain atrophy measurement over a MRI scanner change in multiple sclerosis

Neuroimage Clin. 2022:36:103148. doi: 10.1016/j.nicl.2022.103148. Epub 2022 Aug 10.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic, Departments of Head, Spine and Neuromedicine, Clinical Research and Biomedical Engineering, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Translational Imaging in Neurology [ThINK] Basel, Departments of Head, Spine and Neuromedicine and Biomedical Engineering, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Medical Image Analysis Center (MIAC AG) and Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
² Department of Clinical Research, Clinical Trial Unit, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
³ Medical Image Analysis Center (MIAC AG) and Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
⁴ Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
⁵ Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic, Departments of Head, Spine and Neuromedicine, Clinical Research and Biomedical Engineering, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience (RC2NB), University Hospital and University of Basel, Switzerland.
⁶ Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic, Departments of Head, Spine and Neuromedicine, Clinical Research and Biomedical Engineering, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Translational Imaging in Neurology [ThINK] Basel, Departments of Head, Spine and Neuromedicine and Biomedical Engineering, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
⁷ Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience (RC2NB), University Hospital and University of Basel, Switzerland.
⁸ Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic, Departments of Head, Spine and Neuromedicine, Clinical Research and Biomedical Engineering, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Translational Imaging in Neurology [ThINK] Basel, Departments of Head, Spine and Neuromedicine and Biomedical Engineering, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience (RC2NB), University Hospital and University of Basel, Switzerland.
⁹ Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic, Departments of Head, Spine and Neuromedicine, Clinical Research and Biomedical Engineering, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Translational Imaging in Neurology [ThINK] Basel, Departments of Head, Spine and Neuromedicine and Biomedical Engineering, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience (RC2NB), University Hospital and University of Basel, Switzerland. Electronic address: [email protected].

Abstract

Background: A change in MRI hardware impacts brain volume measurements. The aim of this study was to use MRI data from multiple sclerosis (MS) patients and healthy control subjects (HCs) to statistically model how to adjust brain atrophy measures in MS patients after a major scanner upgrade.

Methods: We scanned 20 MS patients and 26 HCs before and three months after a major scanner upgrade (1.5 T Siemens Healthineers Magnetom Avanto to 3 T Siemens Healthineers Skyra Fit). The patient group also underwent standardized serial MRIs before and after the scanner change. Percentage whole brain volume changes (PBVC) measured by Structural Image Evaluation using Normalization of Atrophy (SIENA) in the HCs was used to estimate a corrective term based on a linear model. The factor was internally validated in HCs, and then applied to the MS group.

Results: Mean PBVC during the scanner change was higher in MS than HCs (-4.1 ± 0.8 % versus -3.4 ± 0.6 %). A fixed corrective term of 3.4 (95% confidence interval: 3.13-3.67)% was estimated based on the observed average changes in HCs. Age and gender did not have a significant influence on this corrective term. After adjustment, a linear mixed effects model showed that the brain atrophy measures in MS during the scanner upgrade were not anymore associated with the scanner type (old vs new scanner; p = 0.29).

Conclusion: A scanner change affects brain atrophy measures in longitudinal cohorts. The inclusion of a corrective term based on changes observed in HCs helps to adjust for the known and unknown factors associated with a scanner upgrade on a group level.

Keywords: Brain atrophy; Cohort study; MRI Scanner change; Multiple sclerosis.

MeSH terms

Atrophy / pathology
Brain / diagnostic imaging
Brain / pathology
Humans
Magnetic Resonance Imaging / methods
Multiple Sclerosis* / diagnostic imaging
Multiple Sclerosis* / pathology
Neurodegenerative Diseases* / pathology