Human WDR5 promotes breast cancer growth and metastasis via KMT2-independent translation regulation

Elife. 2022 Aug 31:11:e78163. doi: 10.7554/eLife.78163.

Abstract

Metastatic breast cancer remains a major cause of cancer-related deaths in women, and there are few effective therapies against this advanced disease. Emerging evidence suggests that key steps of tumor progression and metastasis are controlled by reversible epigenetic mechanisms. Using an in vivo genetic screen, we identified WDR5 as an actionable epigenetic regulator that is required for metastatic progression in models of triple-negative breast cancer. We found that knockdown of WDR5 in breast cancer cells independently impaired their tumorigenic as well as metastatic capabilities. Mechanistically, WDR5 promotes cell growth by increasing ribosomal gene expression and translation efficiency in a KMT2-independent manner. Consistently, pharmacological inhibition or degradation of WDR5 impedes cellular translation rate and the clonogenic ability of breast cancer cells. Furthermore, a combination of WDR5 targeting with mTOR inhibitors leads to potent suppression of translation and proliferation of breast cancer cells. These results reveal novel therapeutic strategies to treat metastatic breast cancer.

Keywords: KMT2; MLL; WDR5; breast cancer; cancer biology; cancer metastasis; chromosomes; gene expression; mouse; translation regulation.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Breast Neoplasms* / genetics
  • Breast Neoplasms* / pathology
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Cell Proliferation
  • Female
  • Histone-Lysine N-Methyltransferase / metabolism
  • Humans
  • Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / genetics

Substances

  • Histone-Lysine N-Methyltransferase
  • Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins
  • WDR5 protein, human

Associated data

  • GEO/GSE196666