Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Cardiac Glycosides for Cancer Therapy by Targeting the DNA Damage Response

ChemMedChem. 2022 Nov 4;17(21):e202200415. doi: 10.1002/cmdc.202200415. Epub 2022 Oct 5.

Abstract

Cardiac glycosides (CGs) are bioactive compounds originally used to treat heart diseases, but recent studies have demonstrated their anticancer activity. We previously demonstrated that Antiaris toxicaria 2 (AT2) possesses anticancer activity in KRAS mutated lung cancers via impinging on the DNA damage response (DDR) pathway. Toward developing this class of molecules for cancer therapy, herein we report a multistep synthetic route utilizing k-strophanthidin as the initial building block for determination of structure-activity relationships (SARs). A systematic structural design approach was applied that included modifications of the sugar moiety, the glycoside linker, stereochemistry, and lactone ring substitutions to generate a library of O-glycosides and MeON-neoglycosides derivatives. These molecules were screened for their anticancer activities and their impact on DDR signaling in KRAS mutant lung cancer cells. These results demonstrate the ability to chemically synthesize CG derivatives and define the SARs to optimize AT2 as a cancer therapeutic.

Keywords: Anticancer agents; Cardiac glycosides; Chk1 phosphorylation; DNA damage response.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

  • Antiaris* / chemistry
  • Antineoplastic Agents* / chemistry
  • Cardiac Glycosides* / chemistry
  • Cardiac Glycosides* / pharmacology
  • DNA Damage
  • Glycosides / pharmacology
  • Humans
  • Lung Neoplasms* / drug therapy
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras) / genetics
  • Structure-Activity Relationship

Substances

  • Cardiac Glycosides
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras)
  • Glycosides
  • Antineoplastic Agents