1 Koch Institute, Biology Department, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge.
2 Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, California.
3 Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
This Viewpoint discusses the rapid advances in molecular cell biological approaches over the past 50 years and the many avenues for future advances that have been opened, including direct applications for therapeutic and regenerative medicine.