Cystic lymphangioma of the pancreatic head treated by enucleation: Case report and literature review

Introduction: The widespread use of imaging methods has led to an increased identification of asymptomatic Pancreatic Cystic Lymphangiomas (PCL), a rare entity for which available information is very limited.

Presentation of case: We present the case of an asymptomatic 61-year-old male, submitted to elective enucleation of a pancreatic head PCL at our institution. After four years of follow-up the patient is doing well and has no clinical or imaging signs of recurrence.

Discussion: Though rare, PCL should be included in the differential diagnosis of pancreatic cystic neoplasms. All efforts should be made to ascertain a preoperative diagnosis, as expectant follow-up could be a reasonable approach in asymptomatic patients and/or poor surgical candidates. In the face of an uncertain diagnosis, complete surgical excision may be the treatment of choice.

Conclusion: The medical community worldwide should be encouraged to report all cases of PCL, as to increment the overall knowledge about this lesion.