Discovery of conjoined charge density waves in the kagome superconductor CsV3Sb5

Haoxiang Li; G Fabbris; A H Said; J P Sun; Yu-Xiao Jiang; J-X Yin; Yun-Yi Pai; Sangmoon Yoon; Andrew R Lupini; C S Nelson; Q W Yin; C S Gong; Z J Tu; H C Lei; J-G Cheng; M Z Hasan; Ziqiang Wang; Binghai Yan; R Thomale; H N Lee; H Miao

doi:10.1038/s41467-022-33995-2

Discovery of conjoined charge density waves in the kagome superconductor CsV₃Sb₅

Nat Commun. 2022 Oct 26;13(1):6348. doi: 10.1038/s41467-022-33995-2.

Authors

Haoxiang Li^{1

2}, G Fabbris³, A H Said³, J P Sun^{4

5}, Yu-Xiao Jiang⁶, J-X Yin⁷, Yun-Yi Pai⁸, Sangmoon Yoon^{8

9}, Andrew R Lupini¹⁰, C S Nelson¹¹, Q W Yin¹², C S Gong¹², Z J Tu¹², H C Lei¹², J-G Cheng^{4

5}, M Z Hasan⁶, Ziqiang Wang¹³, Binghai Yan¹⁴, R Thomale¹⁵, H N Lee⁸, H Miao¹⁶

Affiliations

¹ Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA. [email protected].
² Advanced Materials Thrust, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, Guangdong, 511453, China. [email protected].
³ Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, 60439, USA.
⁴ Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.
⁵ School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.
⁶ Laboratory for Topological Quantum Matter and Advanced Spectroscopy (B7), Department of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, 08544, USA.
⁷ Laboratory for Quantum Emergence, Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China. [email protected].
⁸ Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA.
⁹ Department of Physics, Gachon University, Seongnam, 13120, Republic of Korea.
¹⁰ Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA.
¹¹ National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, 11973, USA.
¹² Department of Physics and Beijing Key Laboratory of Opto-Electronic Functional Materials and Microdevices, Renmin University of China, Beijing, 100872, China.
¹³ Department of Physics, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, 02467, USA.
¹⁴ Department of Condensed Matter Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel.
¹⁵ Institute for Theoretical Physics, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074, Würzburg, Germany.
¹⁶ Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA. [email protected].

Abstract

The electronic instabilities in CsV₃Sb₅ are believed to originate from the V 3d-electrons on the kagome plane, however the role of Sb 5p-electrons for 3-dimensional orders is largely unexplored. Here, using resonant tender X-ray scattering and high-pressure X-ray scattering, we report a rare realization of conjoined charge density waves (CDWs) in CsV₃Sb₅, where a 2 × 2 × 1 CDW in the kagome sublattice and a Sb 5p-electron assisted 2 × 2 × 2 CDW coexist. At ambient pressure, we discover a resonant enhancement on Sb L₁-edge (2s→5p) at the 2 × 2 × 2 CDW wavevectors. The resonance, however, is absent at the 2 × 2 × 1 CDW wavevectors. Applying hydrostatic pressure, CDW transition temperatures are separated, where the 2 × 2 × 2 CDW emerges 4 K above the 2 × 2 × 1 CDW at 1 GPa. These observations demonstrate that symmetry-breaking phases in CsV₃Sb₅ go beyond the minimal framework of kagome electronic bands near van Hove filling.