What's Old and New in Tuberculosis Vaccines for Children

Lisa M Cranmer; Mark F Cotton; Cheryl L Day; Elisa Nemes

doi:10.1093/jpids/piac078

What's Old and New in Tuberculosis Vaccines for Children

J Pediatric Infect Dis Soc. 2022 Oct 31;11(Supplement_3):S110-S116. doi: 10.1093/jpids/piac078.

Authors

Lisa M Cranmer^{1

2

3}, Mark F Cotton⁴, Cheryl L Day^{5

6}, Elisa Nemes⁷

Affiliations

¹ Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Infectious Disease, Emory School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
² Department of Epidemiology, Emory Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
³ Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
⁴ Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, South Africa.
⁵ Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Emory School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
⁶ Emory Vaccine Center, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
⁷ South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Division of Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.

Abstract

Tuberculosis (TB) is a leading cause of global child mortality. Until the turn of the 21st century, Mycobacterium bovis bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) was the only vaccine to prevent TB. The pediatric TB vaccine pipeline has advanced in the past decade to include the evaluation of novel whole cell vaccines to replace infant BCG and investigation of subunit and whole cell vaccines to boost TB immunity during adolescence. We describe the history of BCG, current TB vaccine candidates in clinical trials, and the challenges and opportunities for future TB vaccine research in children. Children are a critical target population for TB vaccines, and expansion of the pediatric TB vaccine pipeline is urgently needed to end the TB pandemic.

Keywords: child; tuberculosis; vaccine.

© The Author(s) 2022. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: [email protected].

MeSH terms

BCG Vaccine
Child
Humans
Mycobacterium bovis*
Mycobacterium tuberculosis*
Tuberculosis Vaccines* / therapeutic use
Tuberculosis* / epidemiology
Tuberculosis* / prevention & control

Substances

Tuberculosis Vaccines
BCG Vaccine

Abstract

MeSH terms

Substances

Grants and funding