Mechanical Activation of Zero-Valent Metal Reductants for Nickel-Catalyzed Cross-Electrophile Coupling

ACS Catal. 2022 Nov 4;12(21):13681-13689. doi: 10.1021/acscatal.2c03117. Epub 2022 Oct 25.

Abstract

The cross-electrophile coupling of either twisted-amides or heteroaryl halides with alkyl halides, enabled by ball-milling, is herein described. The operationally simple nickel-catalyzed process has no requirement for inert atmosphere or dry solvents and delivers the corresponding acylated or heteroarylated products across a broad range of substrates. Key to negating the necessity of inert reaction conditions is the mechanical activation of the raw metal terminal reductant: manganese in the case of twisted amides and zinc for heteroaryl halides.