Surgical anatomy of the rectum: a series of video tutorials - a video vignette

Affiliations

• ¹ Institute of Anatomy, Center of Clinical Anatomy, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany.
• ² Colorectal Surgery Unit, General Surgery Department, Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital, Santander, Spain.
• ³ Valdecilla Biomedical Research Institute (IDIVAL), Santander, Spain.
• ⁴ Department of Colorectal Surgery, University Hospitals of Derby and Burton NHS Foundation Trust, Derby, UK.
• ⁵ School of Medicine, Royal Derby Hospital, University of Nottingham, Derby, UK.
• ⁶ Department of Visceral, Transplant, Thoracic, and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
• ⁷ Section Coloproctology, Department of Surgery, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany.