[The Mechanism of Artesunate Combined with Cytarabine and/or Daunorubicin on the Apoptosis of MV4-11 MLL-rearranged Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cell Line]

Zhongguo Shi Yan Xue Ye Xue Za Zhi. 2022 Dec;30(6):1724-1729. doi: 10.19746/j.cnki.issn.1009-2137.2022.06.015.
[Article in Chinese]

Abstract

Objective: To investigate the effect and mechanism of artesunate (ARTS) combined with cytarabine(Ara-C) and/or daunorubicin (DNR) on the proliferation and apoptosis of MV4-11 human mixed-lineage leukemia rearranged(MLL-r) acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cell line.

Methods: CCK-8 assay was used to detect the proliferation effect of individual or in combination of ARTS, DNR, Ara-C on MV4-11 cells. The IC50 of ARTS, DNR and Ara-C was calculated separately. The cell apoptosis and expression of receptors DR4 and DR5 were detected by flow cytometry. Western blot was used to detect the expression of Caspase-3 and Caspase-9 in each groups.

Results: The inhibition effect of ARTS, Ara-C and DNR on the proliferation of MV4-11 were all dose-dependently (r=0.99, 0.90 and 0.97, respectively). The IC50 of ARTS, Ara-C and DNR on MV4-11 for 48 hours were 0.31 μg/ml, 1.43 μmol/L and 22.47 nmol/L, respectively. At the dose of ARTS 0.3 μg/ml, Ara-C 1.0 μmol/L and DNR 15 nmol/L, the proliferation rate for 48 hours of the tri-combination treatment was significantly lower than that of the bi-combination treatment, while both were significantly lower than that of the individual treatment (all P<0.05). In terms of bi-combination treatment, the cells proliferation rate for 48 hours of the ARTS+Ara-C group was significantly lower than that of the ARTS+DNR group, while both were significantly lower than that of the Ara-C+DNR group (all P<0.05). The cooperativity index (CI) of bi- and tri-combination treatment were all less than 1. After 48 hours of drug action, the cell apoptosis rate of the ARTS+DNR+Ara-C group was significantly higher than that of the Ara-C+DNR group, while both were significantly higher than that of the ARTS+DNR group (all P<0.05). Meanwhile, the was no statistical difference between the cells apoptotic rate of the ARTS+DNR+Ara-C group and the ARTS+Ara-C group (P>0.05). The expression of DR4 and DR5 also showed no difference between control group and drug group. Compared with the DNR+Ara-C group, the expressions of Caspase-3 were significantly down-regulated in both the ARTS+DNR+Ara-C group and the ARTS+Ara-C group (all P<0.05). The down-regulation of Caspase-3 expression was the most significantly in the combination group of three drugs, while the Caspase-9 expressions in different groups showed no apparent change.

Conclusion: The in vitro study showed that tri-combination of ARTS+Ara-C+DNR and bi-combination of ARTS+Ara-C could inhibit the proliferation and promote apoptosis of MV4-11 cell line. The inhibition effect of these two combinations were significantly superior to that of the traditional Ara-C+DNR treatment. The mechanism underlying this finding may be identified by the down regulation of Caspase-3, while no altered expression was observed of Caspase-9, DR4 and DR5.

题目: 青蒿酯联合阿糖胞苷±柔红霉素对MLL基因重排白血病细胞株MV4-11凋亡的影响及其机制研究.

目的: 探讨青蒿酯(ARTS)联合柔红霉素(DNR)±阿糖胞苷(Ara-C)对MLL基因重排(MLL-r)急性髓系白血病(AML)细胞株MV4-11细胞增殖、凋亡的影响及作用机制.

方法: 采用CCK-8法检测ARTS、DNR、Ara-C单药及联用对MV4-11细胞增殖率及计算单药的IC50;流式细胞术检测各组细胞的凋亡情况及凋亡受体DR4、DR5的表达;Western blot检测各组细胞中Caspase-3、Caspase-9的表达.

结果: ARTS、Ara-C、DNR均呈浓度依赖性抑制MV4-1l细胞增殖(r=0.99,r=0.90,r=0.97),48 h的IC50分别为0.31 μg/ml、1.43 μmol/L、22.47 nmol/L。ARTS 0.3 μg/ml、Ara-C 1.0 μmol/L、DNR 15 nmol/L作用于MV4-11细胞48 h的增殖率比较:3药联合组<2药联合组<单药组(均P<0.05);2药联合组细胞增殖率比较:ARTS+Ara-C组<ARTS+DNR组<Ara-C+DNR组,3药及2药相互作用的协同指数(CI)均<l。2药及3药联合处理细胞后,ARTS+DNR+Ara-C组细胞凋亡率高于Ara-C+DNR组、ARTS+DNR组(P<0.05),ARTS+DNR+Ara-C组细胞凋亡率与ARTS+Ara-C组相当(P>0.05),各组细胞中DR4和DR5的表达无差异(P>0.05)。与DNR+Ara-C组相比,ARTS+DNR+Ara-C组、ARTS+Ara-C组24 h Caspase-3表达下降,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),其中3药联合组细胞中Caspase-3表达下调最显著,但各组细胞中Caspase-9表达无明显改变.

结论: 体外研究显示ARTS+DNR+Ara-C、ARTS+Ara-C方案协同抑制MV4-11细胞增殖和诱导MV4-11细胞凋亡作用均强于传统方案Ara-C+DNR,其作用机制可能是通过下调Caspase-3表达发挥作用,对Caspase-9、DR4、DR5的表达无影响.

Keywords: MLL gene rearrangement; MV4-11 cell; acute myeloid leukemia; artesunate; cytarabine; daunorubicin.

Publication types

  • English Abstract

MeSH terms

  • Apoptosis
  • Artesunate / pharmacology
  • Caspase 3
  • Caspase 9
  • Cell Line
  • Cytarabine* / pharmacology
  • Daunorubicin / pharmacology
  • Humans
  • Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute*

Substances

  • Cytarabine
  • Daunorubicin
  • Caspase 3
  • Caspase 9
  • Artesunate