Atmospheric solids analysis probe-mass spectrometry (ASAP-MS) as a rapid fingerprinting technique to differentiate the harvest seasons of Tieguanyin oolong teas

Food Chem. 2023 May 15:408:135135. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.135135. Epub 2022 Dec 5.

Abstract

Atmospheric solids analysis probe-mass spectrometry (ASAP-MS), an ambient mass spectrometry technique, was used to differentiate spring and autumn Tieguanyin teas. Two configurations were used to obtain their chemical fingerprints - ASAP attached to a high-resolution quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometer (i.e., ASAP-QTOF) and to a single-quadrupole mass spectrometer (i.e., Radian™ ASAP™ mass spectrometer). Then, orthogonal projections to latent structures-discriminant analysis was conducted to identify features that held promise in differentiating harvest seasons. Four machine learning models - decision tree, linear discriminant analysis, support vector machine, and k-nearest neighbour - were built using these features, and high classification accuracy of up to 100% was achieved. The markers were putatively identified using their accurate masses and MS/MS fragmentation patterns from ASAP-QTOF. This approach was successfully transferred to the Radian ASAP MS, which is more deployable in the field. Overall, this study demonstrated the potential of ASAP-MS as a rapid fingerprinting tool for differentiating spring and autumn Tieguanyin.

Keywords: Ambient mass spectrometry; Atmospheric solids analysis probe-mass spectrometry; Chemometrics; Harvest season; Tieguanyin tea.

MeSH terms

  • Cluster Analysis
  • Discriminant Analysis
  • Seasons
  • Tandem Mass Spectrometry*