1 Department of Clinical Microbiology, Leiden University Center for Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, 233 ZA, Leiden, Netherlands; European Study Group for Clostridioides difficile, European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Basel, Switzerland; European Study Group for Host and Microbiota Interaction, European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Basel, Switzerland. Electronic address: [email protected].
2 European Study Group for Clostridioides difficile, European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Basel, Switzerland; European Study Group for Host and Microbiota Interaction, European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Basel, Switzerland; Department of Clinical Microbiology, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland; Department of Clinical Microbiology, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.
3 Department of Clinical Microbiology, Leiden University Center for Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, 233 ZA, Leiden, Netherlands; European Study Group for Clostridioides difficile, European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Basel, Switzerland; European Study Group for Host and Microbiota Interaction, European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Basel, Switzerland; National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, Netherlands.