Correlates of psychological distress among undergraduate women engaged in remote learning through a New York City college during the COVID-19 pandemic

J Am Coll Health. 2024 Dec;72(9):3366-3375. doi: 10.1080/07448481.2022.2156797. Epub 2023 Jan 17.

Abstract

Objective: The study's objective is to explore psychological distress (PD) among remote learners during COVID-19.

Participants: Female undergraduates matriculated at an NYC college in Winter 2020.

Methods: Using the Kessler-6 scale, we defined PD as no/low (LPD), mild/moderate (MPD), and severe (SPD) and assessed if residing in/near NYC modified associations.

Results: PD was common (MPD: 34.1%, SPD: 38.9%). Students identifying as Other/Multiracial had lower MPD odds (aOR = 0.39 [0.17-0.88]). SPD was associated with identifying as White (aOR = 2.02 [1.02-3.99]), unbalanced meals (aOR = 2.59 [1.06-6.30]), violence experience (aOR = 1.77 [1.06-2.94]), no social support (aOR = 3.24 [1.37-7.64]), and loneliness (aOR = 2.52 [1.29-4.95]). Among students in/near NYC, moderate/high drug use (aOR = 2.76 [1.15-6.61]), no social support (aOR = 3.62 [1.10-1.19]), and loneliness (aOR = 2.92 [1.11-7.63]) were SPD correlates.

Conclusions: PD was high and associated with food insecurity, violence experience, no social support, and loneliness. Living in/near NYC modified drug use, loneliness, and social support associations. Mental health initiatives should address modifiable risk factors to ameliorate pandemic-associated PD.

Keywords: Adolescent girls and young women; COVID-19; mental health; psychological distress; psychosocial well-being; remote learning.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • COVID-19* / epidemiology
  • COVID-19* / psychology
  • Education, Distance*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • New York City / epidemiology
  • Pandemics
  • Psychological Distress*
  • SARS-CoV-2
  • Social Support
  • Stress, Psychological / epidemiology
  • Stress, Psychological / psychology
  • Students* / psychology
  • Students* / statistics & numerical data
  • Universities
  • Young Adult